{"id":1774,"date":"2026-04-20T08:07:14","date_gmt":"2026-04-20T08:07:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cavusuzumu.eco-travel.com.tr\/?page_id=1774"},"modified":"2026-04-20T08:52:45","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T08:52:45","slug":"uretici-hikayeleri","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cavusuzumu.eco-travel.com.tr\/en\/uretici-hikayeleri\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dcretici Hikayeleri"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTopra\u011fa, Eme\u011fe ve Mirasa Adanm\u0131\u015f Hayatlar\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00dcretici
Hikayeleri<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Safranbolu’nun bereketli topraklar\u0131; <\/span>Hititlerden Roma ve Bizans d\u00f6nemine, oradan da Osmanl\u0131’ya uzanan k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir tar\u0131m ve gastronomi k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne ev sahipli\u011fi yapmaktad\u0131r<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Ancak bu e\u015fsiz miras\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fmas\u0131 bir tesad\u00fcf de\u011fildir; bu, do\u011fan\u0131n zorluklar\u0131na, sanayile\u015fmenin cazibesine ve unutulmaya kar\u015f\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na direnen, toprakla simbiyotik bir ba\u011f kurmu\u015f \u00fcreticilerimizin destans\u0131 m\u00fccadelesinin sonucudur<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>“\u00dcretici Hikayeleri” b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcm\u00fczde, sadece birer \u00e7ift\u00e7i de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda bulunduklar\u0131 co\u011frafyan\u0131n “genetik koruyucular\u0131” olan kahramanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ilham verici yolculuklar\u0131na tan\u0131k olacaks\u0131n\u0131z<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Safranbolu \u00c7avu\u015f \u00dcz\u00fcm\u00fc\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Safranbolu’nun tar\u0131m tarihi derinlemesine incelendi\u011finde, ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00fcretiminin safran kadar eski, hatta arkeolojik kan\u0131tlara bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7ok daha k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fe sahip oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Yap\u0131lan arkeolojik ve y\u00fczey ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131, b\u00f6lgede Roma ve Erken Bizans d\u00f6nemine tarihlenen kaya mezarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n cephelerinde, khamosorion<\/em> (tekne tipi) mezar ta\u015flar\u0131 ve steller \u00fczerinde iri taneli \u00fcz\u00fcm salk\u0131mlar\u0131, asma dallar\u0131, ba\u011f \u00e7apas\u0131 ve ba\u011f b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 gibi tar\u0131m aletlerinin ince bir i\u015f\u00e7ilikle tasvir edildi\u011fini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle Hac\u0131larobas\u0131 ve \u00dc\u00e7b\u00f6l\u00fck (Ilbar\u0131t) k\u00f6yleri civar\u0131ndaki kaya mezarlar\u0131nda tespit edilen devasa pres a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ta\u015flar\u0131 (litus) ve 2-3 tonluk k\u00fcpler (pithoslar), Safranbolu ve \u00e7evresinin Antik \u00c7a\u011f’da Paphlagonia b\u00f6lgesinin en \u00f6nemli ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k ve \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00fcretim merkezlerinden biri oldu\u011funu kesin olarak kan\u0131tlamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>

Cafer Oel: “\u00dcz\u00fcmc\u00fc Dede” ve Bir Genetik T\u00fcr\u00fcn Kurtar\u0131l\u0131\u015f Destan\u0131<\/strong><\/p>

Safranbolu’nun Yaz\u0131k\u00f6y k\u00f6y\u00fcnde ya\u015fayan Cafer Oel, y\u00f6rede “\u00dcz\u00fcmc\u00fc Dede” olarak tan\u0131nan, sofral\u0131k \u00fcz\u00fcmlerin kral\u0131 olarak bilinen \u00c7avu\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn yok olmas\u0131n\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na engelleyen epik bir fig\u00fcrd\u00fcr. As\u0131l mesle\u011fi marangozluk olan ve sadece ilkokul mezunu bir Anadolu insan\u0131 olan Cafer Oel’in ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa olan inan\u0131lmaz tutkusu, 1952 y\u0131l\u0131nda babas\u0131na ait 5 d\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fck arazide ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

Oel’in hikayesi, tam anlam\u0131yla ekolojik bir kriz an\u0131nda al\u0131nan cesur ve kritik bir kararla \u015fekillenir. End\u00fcstriyel fabrikalar\u0131n maa\u015f cazibesine kap\u0131lan k\u00f6yl\u00fcler ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 birer birer terk etti\u011finde, y\u00f6reye has ince kabuklu, olduk\u00e7a iri taneli, bol sulu, salk\u0131mlar\u0131 dolgun ve \u00e7ekirdeklerinin i\u00e7inin bo\u015f olmas\u0131 sayesinde a\u011f\u0131zda e\u015fsiz bir rayiha b\u0131rakan Safranbolu \u00c7avu\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fc nesli t\u00fckenme tehlikesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Oel, o d\u00f6nemde k\u00f6yde, bak\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131ktan kurumak \u00fczere olan ve sa\u011flam kalabilmi\u015f sadece 8-9 adet \u00c7avu\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fc \u00e7ubu\u011funu (kalemini) bulup kendi arazisine dikerek bu e\u015fsiz genetik materyali son anda kurtarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kendi ifadesiyle durumun vahametini \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle anlat\u0131r: “Bizim k\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fcz eski Rum k\u00f6y\u00fc. K\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fczde Roma d\u00f6neminden beri ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131l\u0131rm\u0131\u015f. Ama zamanla k\u00f6ydeki vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z Demir \u00c7elik fabrikas\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya gidince, ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k da yok olmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f. Ben 1952 y\u0131l\u0131nda babama ait 5 d\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fck alanda k\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fczden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m ba\u011f kalemlerini yeti\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131m. E\u011fer o g\u00fcn o 8-9 tane kalan \u00e7avu\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7ubuklar\u0131n\u0131 topra\u011fa dikmeseydim, bug\u00fcn belki de sadece y\u00f6remizde yeti\u015fen, tad\u0131 ve \u015fekli \u00f6zel bu \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fidi yok olacakt\u0131. Ben Rumlardan kalma \u00e7avu\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ya\u015fatmak i\u00e7in \u00e7aba sarf ediyorum.”<\/em>.<\/p>

Cafer Oel’in misyonu sadece birka\u00e7 fidan\u0131 kurtarmakla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. O, on y\u0131llar boyunca b\u0131kmadan usanmadan \u00fcretti\u011fi \u00c7avu\u015f asma kalemlerini \u00e7evredeki k\u00f6ylere (\u00c7er\u00e7en, Konar\u0131, Gayza gibi) \u00fccretsiz veya c\u00fczi bedellerle da\u011f\u0131tarak b\u00f6lgedeki ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc adeta s\u0131f\u0131rdan yeniden in\u015fa etmi\u015ftir. Marangozluktan ve \u00fcz\u00fcmden kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 her kuru\u015fu yine ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa, fidan \u00fcretimine ve toprak \u0131slah\u0131na yat\u0131ran Oel, zamanla arazisini 10 d\u00f6n\u00fcme \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f ve bu devasa alan\u0131n tam olarak y\u00fczde 50’sini sadece Safranbolu \u00c7avu\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcretimi ve geneti\u011finin korunmas\u0131na ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

Cafer Oel’in ziraat vizyonu sadece yerel t\u00fcrlerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmam\u0131\u015f, adeta bir botanik bah\u00e7esi yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sahip oldu\u011fu 10 d\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fck ba\u011fda, \u00c7avu\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Cardinal, Alfoz, M\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcle, Yalova \u0130ncisi (\u0130nci), Yalova Beyaz\u0131 ve \u00e7e\u015fitli \u0130talyan \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fitlerini de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ba\u015far\u0131yla yeti\u015ftirerek genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

Cafer Oel’in ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa olan adanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, insan\u00fcst\u00fc bir gayret ve fiziksel ac\u0131lar\u0131 hi\u00e7e sayan bir fedakarl\u0131k bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r. \u0130lerleyen ya\u015f\u0131nda hayat\u0131n\u0131 koltuk de\u011fnekleriyle s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek zorunda kalmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, ba\u011fdaki budama, a\u015f\u0131lama ve \u00e7apalama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7 aksatmam\u0131\u015f, t\u00fcm yaz mevsimini k\u00f6yden uzakta ba\u011f evinde ge\u00e7irerek asmalar\u0131na bir bebek gibi bakmaya devam etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>

\u00dcz\u00fcmc\u00fc Dede’nin y\u0131llara dayanan derin ekolojik g\u00f6zlemleri, \u00c7avu\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn teruar (terroir)<\/em> \u00f6zelliklerini de bilimsel bir kesinlikle ortaya koyar. Oel, bu spesifik \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn sadece Safranbolu ile Toprakcuma aras\u0131nda kalan belirli bir co\u011frafi koridordaki hava ak\u0131m\u0131na, neme ve kalkerli toprak yap\u0131s\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011funu ampirik olarak kan\u0131tlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130skenderun gibi farkl\u0131 iklimlere hevesle g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi \u00c7avu\u015f kalemlerinin b\u00fcy\u00fcmedi\u011fini, yeti\u015fse bile ayn\u0131 meyveyi vermedi\u011fini; hatta Karab\u00fck’\u00fcn co\u011frafi olarak yak\u0131n di\u011fer k\u00f6ylerinde bile ayn\u0131 e\u015fsiz rayihaya ula\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmi\u015ftir. Cafer Oel’in tek ba\u015f\u0131na korudu\u011fu ve ekolojik haritas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu ampirik bilgi, modern ziraat biliminin teruar kavram\u0131yla birebir \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Nitekim \u0130l Tar\u0131m ve Orman M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn destekledi\u011fi giri\u015fimler sonucunda Safranbolu \u00c7avu\u015f \u00dcz\u00fcm\u00fc, 2022 y\u0131l\u0131 itibar\u0131yla “Co\u011frafi \u0130\u015faret” alarak bu benzersiz kalitesini ve Cafer Oel’in hakl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 resmi olarak tescillemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Safranbolu Safran\u0131 ve Ekolojik Dirili\u015f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Safran (Crocus sativus L.<\/em>), d\u00fcnya tar\u0131m tarihinde e\u015fine az rastlanan biyolojik \u00f6zelliklere sahip bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr bitkisidir. S\u00fcsendiller (Iridaceae) familyas\u0131na ait olan bu bitki, triploid (3n=24) genetik yap\u0131s\u0131 nedeniyle do\u011fada tohum veremeyen, tam anlam\u0131yla k\u0131s\u0131r bir bitkidir. Bu son derece kritik biyolojik ger\u00e7eklik, safran\u0131n do\u011fada r\u00fczgar, b\u00f6cekler veya ku\u015flar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kendi kendine \u00e7o\u011falamayaca\u011f\u0131; mutlak surette insan eliyle, toprak alt\u0131ndaki kormlar\u0131n (so\u011fanlar\u0131n) s\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcp ayr\u0131larak yeniden dikilmesi yoluyla (vejetatif olarak) \u00fcretilmesi gerekti\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, safran tar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n bir co\u011frafyada sadece birka\u00e7 y\u0131l bile kesintiye u\u011framas\u0131, o bitkinin o topraklarda genetik olarak tamamen yok olmas\u0131 ve bir daha geri d\u00f6nmemesi demektir. \u0130nsan eme\u011fi ile bitkinin varolu\u015fu aras\u0131ndaki bu simbiyotik ili\u015fki, safran \u00fcreticilerini do\u011frudan birer “genetik koruyucu” konumuna y\u00fckseltmektedir.<\/p>

Tarihsel perspektiften bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda safran, M\u00d6 2. biny\u0131lda Hititler d\u00f6neminden beri Anadolu’da bilinen ve “\u015fifal\u0131 drog” olarak kullan\u0131lan bir bitkidir. Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu d\u00f6neminde safran \u00fcretimi bu topraklarda doruk noktas\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f, \u00f6zellikle 1858 y\u0131l\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca \u0130ngiltere’ye 9.705 kilogram safran ihra\u00e7 edildi\u011fi resmi devlet kay\u0131tlar\u0131na yans\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu devasa \u00fcretimin merkez \u00fcss\u00fc, Karadeniz’in kuzeybat\u0131s\u0131ndaki Safranbolu ve \u00e7evresiydi. Ancak 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na gelindi\u011finde, sava\u015flar, i\u00e7 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar, zorlu el i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi, end\u00fcstriyel boyalar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve sosyo-ekonomik \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcler nedeniyle \u00fcretim h\u0131zla gerilemeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1913 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde t\u00fcm Osmanl\u0131 co\u011frafyas\u0131ndaki \u00fcretim yaln\u0131zca 500 kilograma kadar d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f, 1980’lere yakla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise Safranbolu’da safran \u00fcretimi tamamen unutulmaya y\u00fcz tutarak, sadece Davutobas\u0131 k\u00f6y\u00fcndeki bir iki hanenin avlusunda s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131p kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

Hatice \u00d6zkul: Bir \u00d6mr\u00fc Safrana ve Topra\u011fa Adamak<\/strong><\/p>

Safran\u0131n Safranbolu topraklar\u0131nda tamamen yok olmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyen ve onu 21. y\u00fczy\u0131la ta\u015f\u0131yan en kritik ve sembolik isimlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda Hatice \u00d6zkul gelmektedir. 1931 y\u0131l\u0131nda Safranbolu’nun Davutobas\u0131 k\u00f6y\u00fcnde d\u00fcnyaya gelen \u00d6zkul’un hayat\u0131, safran\u0131n 20. y\u00fczy\u0131ldaki \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f ve yeniden dirili\u015f d\u00f6nemleriyle tam bir paralellik i\u00e7inde ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. \u00c7ocukluk y\u0131llar\u0131nda, Davutobas\u0131’ndaki her hanede safran \u00fcretildi\u011fi, k\u00f6y\u00fcn adeta mor bir hal\u0131yla kapland\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131n d\u00f6nemde bitkiyle tan\u0131\u015fan \u00d6zkul i\u00e7in safran, yaln\u0131zca bir tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc veya ticari bir meta de\u011fil, \u00e7ocuklu\u011funun en derin duyusal ve duygusal belle\u011fidir.<\/p>

Hatice \u00d6zkul’un hat\u0131ralar\u0131nda, safran hasad\u0131 sonras\u0131nda bak\u0131r tepsilere kurutulmak \u00fczere serilen safran iplik\u00e7iklerinin (stigmalar\u0131n) t\u00fcm k\u00f6ye yayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 o e\u015fsiz, iyodoform ve samans\u0131 koku, onun \u00e7ocukluk an\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n merkezine yerle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Hatice \u00d6zkul’un safranla olan ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n derinle\u015fmesinde, d\u00f6nemin k\u0131rsal takas ekonomisinin b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 izler de \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Babas\u0131n\u0131n, binbir emekle hasat edilen safran\u0131 ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131na \u00f6zenle sararak Safranbolu merkezine g\u00f6t\u00fcrmesi ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda eve birbirinden renkli, tatl\u0131 akide \u015fekerleri getirmesi, safran\u0131n hane halk\u0131 i\u00e7in sadece bir bitki de\u011fil, do\u011frudan bir refah, mutluluk ve ya\u015fam sevinci kayna\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu fikrini onun zihnine silinmez bir bi\u00e7imde kaz\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

Hayat\u0131n\u0131n ilerleyen evrelerinde, 18 ya\u015f\u0131nda k\u00f6y\u00fcn muhtar\u0131 Bayram \u00d6zkul ile evlenen ve \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7ocuk, yedi torun sahibi olan Hatice \u00d6zkul, e\u015finin k\u00f6yde \u00e7eyrek asr\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcre y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc muhtarl\u0131k g\u00f6revi boyunca k\u00f6y\u00fcn sosyal dokusunun da temel direklerinden biri olmu\u015ftur. Okuma yazmas\u0131 olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, inan\u0131lmaz bir haf\u0131zaya sahip olan, dualar\u0131 ve hikayeleri ezbere bilen, k\u00f6y halk\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131nda ve cenazelerinde ilk yard\u0131ma ko\u015fan bu bilge kad\u0131n, k\u00f6y\u00fcn “toprak anas\u0131” fig\u00fcr\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>

1980’li ve 90’l\u0131 y\u0131llarda, ekonomik zorluklar, gen\u00e7lerin Karab\u00fck Demir \u00c7elik Fabrikas\u0131’na veya b\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehirlere g\u00f6\u00e7 etmesi ve safran\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 yo\u011fun emek nedeniyle k\u00f6ydeki hemen hemen t\u00fcm aileler safran \u00fcretimini terk etmi\u015ftir. Tam bu k\u0131r\u0131lma an\u0131nda Hatice \u00d6zkul bu miras\u0131 b\u0131rakmay\u0131 kesin bir dille reddetmi\u015ftir. Onun bu karar\u0131, s\u0131radan bir k\u0131rsal muhafazakarl\u0131k veya inat de\u011fil, bitkinin geneti\u011fine ve atalar\u0131ndan devrald\u0131\u011f\u0131 mirasa y\u00f6nelik derin bir ekolojik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel sorumluluk bilincidir. Safran\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131r biyolojisi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Hatice \u00d6zkul’un her a\u011fustos ay\u0131n\u0131n kavurucu s\u0131ca\u011f\u0131nda toprak alt\u0131ndaki kormlar\u0131 s\u00f6k\u00fcp ay\u0131rmas\u0131, hastal\u0131kl\u0131 olanlar\u0131 ay\u0131klay\u0131p sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olanlar\u0131 eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131nda yeniden kendi elleriyle dikmesi, bir kad\u0131n\u0131n koskoca bir biyolojik t\u00fcr\u00fcn o topraklardaki devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na omuzlamas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmektedir.<\/p>

Her kas\u0131m ay\u0131n\u0131n so\u011fuk sabahlar\u0131nda, g\u00fcn a\u011farmadan, daha \u00e7i\u011f taneleri bitkinin \u00fczerindeyken tarlaya giden Hatice \u00d6zkul, \u00e7i\u00e7eklerin g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda h\u0131zla solup kalitesini yitirmesini engellemek i\u00e7in zamana kar\u015f\u0131 yar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 11 Ocak 2021 tarihinde, tam 90 ya\u015f\u0131nda hayata g\u00f6zlerini yumana kadar safran \u00fcretiminden, tarladaki eme\u011finden ve bu kadim bilgiyi k\u00f6y\u00fc ziyaret eden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara ve yeni nesillere aktarmaktan asla vazge\u00e7meyen Hatice \u00d6zkul, Safranbolu safran\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fmas\u0131ndaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck mimarlardan biri olarak ad\u0131n\u0131 tar\u0131m tarihine alt\u0131n harflerle yazd\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

\u015eerife \u00dcnsal: Davutobas\u0131’n\u0131n Di\u011fer Direni\u015f Kalesi<\/strong><\/p>

Hatice \u00d6zkul’un a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 yolda ve onunla tam olarak ayn\u0131 kaderi payla\u015fan, safran k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u00f6nmesini engelleyen bir di\u011fer abidevi fig\u00fcr, yine Davutobas\u0131 k\u00f6y\u00fcnden \u015eerife \u00dcnsal’d\u0131r. E\u015fi Ali \u00dcnsal’\u0131n vefat\u0131ndan sonra safran tarlalar\u0131n\u0131 terk etmeyen, 70’li ya\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen inatla safran \u00fcretmeye devam eden \u015eerife \u00dcnsal, Hatice \u00d6zkul ile birlikte Davutobas\u0131 k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fc safran\u0131n son kalesi haline getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>

1990’l\u0131 y\u0131llarda, t\u00fcm T\u00fcrkiye’de y\u0131ll\u0131k safran ithalat\u0131 1 ton civar\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015fken ve yerli \u00fcretim birka\u00e7 kilograma kadar gerilemi\u015fken, \u015eerife \u00dcnsal ve Hatice \u00d6zkul’un ellerindeki birka\u00e7 y\u00fcz metrekarelik arazide ya\u015fatt\u0131klar\u0131 o so\u011fanlar, bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye’nin d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131na da\u011f\u0131lan safran geneti\u011finin “Nuh’un Gemisi” i\u015flevini g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130lerleyen ya\u015flar\u0131na, romatizmal a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131na ve bedensel yorgunluklar\u0131na ra\u011fmen topraktan kopmayan bu iki kad\u0131n, safran\u0131n “k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 alt\u0131n” olarak modern d\u00fcnyada yeniden de\u011fer kazanmas\u0131na kadar ge\u00e7en o karanl\u0131k on y\u0131llarda kormlar\u0131n (so\u011fanlar\u0131n) genetik materyalini bozulmadan korumu\u015flard\u0131r. Onlar\u0131n bu sessiz ama g\u00f6rkemli direni\u015fi, tar\u0131m\u0131n sadece topra\u011f\u0131 i\u015flemek de\u011fil, bir haf\u0131zay\u0131 ya\u015fatmak oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlayan en somut \u00f6rnektir.<\/p>

Hamide ve Turan \u00d6zsoy, H\u00fcseyin \u00c7iner ve Hilmi K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>

2000’li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren, devletin ve yerel kurumlar\u0131n destekleriyle \u00fcretim bir restorasyon ve b\u00fcy\u00fcme s\u00fcrecine girmi\u015ftir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, Hatice \u00d6zkul ve \u015eerife \u00dcnsal’\u0131n korudu\u011fu genetik miras\u0131 devralan, atalar\u0131ndan miras kalan tarlalarda modern tar\u0131m teknikleriyle geleneksel bilgiyi harmanlayan yeni nesil \u00f6nc\u00fc \u00fcreticiler tarih sahnesine \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

Hamide ve Turan \u00d6zsoy \u00e7ifti, safran \u00fcretimini sadece bir bah\u00e7e u\u011fra\u015f\u0131 olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p profesyonel ve \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilir bir aile i\u015fletmecili\u011fi modeline ta\u015f\u0131yan isimlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir. \u00dcretim alanlar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fletilmesi, so\u011fanlar\u0131n hastal\u0131k ve zararl\u0131lardan (\u00f6rne\u011fin Rhizoctonia crocorum<\/em> mantar\u0131) korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in modern biyolojik m\u00fccadele y\u00f6ntemlerinin geleneksel n\u00f6betle\u015fe ekim kurallar\u0131yla birle\u015ftirilmesi, \u00d6zsoy \u00e7iftinin safran tar\u0131m\u0131na getirdi\u011fi \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lard\u0131r. Hamide \u00d6zsoy’un kad\u0131n eme\u011fini organize etmesi, hasat d\u00f6neminde k\u00f6ydeki di\u011fer kad\u0131nlar\u0131 bir araya getirerek stigmalar\u0131n \u00e7i\u00e7eklerden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kurutulmas\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde bir “imece” ruhu yaratmas\u0131, k\u0131rsal kalk\u0131nman\u0131n yerel dinamiklerini harekete ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir.<\/p>

H\u00fcseyin \u00c7iner, safran tarlalar\u0131n\u0131n bilimsel analizlerle y\u00f6netilmesi, toprak yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n (pH, organik madde miktar\u0131) optimizasyonu ve birim alandan al\u0131nan verimin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 konular\u0131nda \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck eden bir di\u011fer idealist \u00fcreticidir. Onun \u00e7abalar\u0131, safran\u0131n geleneksel s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015farak daha geni\u015f arazilere yay\u0131lmas\u0131nda kilit rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

Hilmi K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 ise safran\u0131n sadece bir tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olarak kalmay\u0131p, y\u00fcksek katma de\u011ferli ticari bir metaya, turistik ve gastronomik bir araca d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesinde iz b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f bir \u00fcreticidir. \u00dcretilen safran\u0131n modern ambalajlama teknikleriyle, nemden ve \u0131\u015f\u0131ktan korunarak (krosin, safranal ve pikrokrosin oranlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesini engelleyerek) t\u00fcketiciye ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, ayr\u0131ca safranl\u0131 lokum, safranl\u0131 sabun, kozmetik ve \u015fifa \u00fcr\u00fcnleri gibi yan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin geli\u015ftirilmesi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde Hilmi K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7’\u0131n vizyonu etkili olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Sirke ve Pekmez\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\u00c7avu\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u00fcksek ticari de\u011feri ve sofral\u0131k kalitesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Safranbolu ve \u00f6zelinde Yaz\u0131k\u00f6y ba\u011flar\u0131nda yeti\u015fen \u00c7iftlik, K\u00f6m\u00fc\u015fmemesi, Ak \u00dcz\u00fcm, Danag\u00f6z ve K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 Laz \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fc gibi di\u011fer yerel \u00fcz\u00fcmlerin de\u011ferlendirilme bi\u00e7imleri, b\u00f6lgenin \u00e7ok derin bir gastronomi, g\u0131da muhafaza ve biyokimyasal i\u015fleme k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. Antik Roma ve Bizans devirlerinden itibaren kurulan devasa ta\u015f presler (lituslar) ve kayalara oyulmu\u015f i\u015flikler, Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde \u00f6zellikle Rum n\u00fcfusun kontrol\u00fcnde sivil mimarinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline gelmi\u015f ve evlerin alt katlar\u0131ndaki “\u015f\u0131rahane” ad\u0131 verilen \u00f6zel mimari birimlere evrilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>

1924 m\u00fcbadelesi sonras\u0131nda Yaz\u0131k\u00f6y, K\u0131rank\u00f6y ve Gayza’daki bu \u015f\u0131rahaneler, evlere yerle\u015fen M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfus taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flevsel bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme u\u011frat\u0131larak, sirke ve pekmez \u00fcretim merkezleri haline getirilmi\u015ftir. \u015e\u0131rahanelerin yap\u0131s\u0131 incelendi\u011finde; ba\u011flardan k\u00fcfelerle ta\u015f\u0131nan \u00fcz\u00fcmlerin at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ta\u015f veya ah\u015fap ezme havuzlar\u0131, \u00fcz\u00fcmlerin ayakla ezilmesi sonucu s\u00fcz\u00fclen \u015f\u0131ran\u0131n (\u00fcz\u00fcm suyunun) birikti\u011fi hazneler ve bu \u015f\u0131ran\u0131n fermantasyona b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeralt\u0131 mahzenlerindeki serin ve lo\u015f ortamlar dikkati \u00e7eker. Bu mimari ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel s\u00fcreklilik, Yaz\u0131k\u00f6y sirkesinin s\u0131radan bir sirkeden ayr\u0131\u015farak as\u0131rl\u0131k bir biyokimyasal mirasa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesini sa\u011flayan temel unsurdur.<\/p>

Ahmet Karakulluk<\/strong><\/p>

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Yaz\u0131k\u00f6y’de sirke \u00fcretimini b\u00fcy\u00fck bir titizlikle y\u00fcr\u00fcten bu isim, ailesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc ku\u015fak sirke \u00fcreticisi olan Ahmet Karakulluk’tur. Karakulluk’un \u00fcretim prati\u011fini T\u00fcrkiye’deki di\u011fer \u00fcreticilerden ay\u0131ran ve e\u015fsiz k\u0131lan temel unsur; 19. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan kalma, yakla\u015f\u0131k 200 y\u0131ll\u0131k devasa me\u015fe f\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 ve pi\u015fmi\u015f topraktan yap\u0131lma antik formlu k\u00fcpleri (pithos) \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecinin merkezine koymas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>

Ahmet Karakulluk’un geleneksel Safranbolu evinin alt kat\u0131nda, yani eski \u015f\u0131rahane b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde konumlanan 50’den fazla me\u015fe f\u0131\u00e7\u0131 (\u00e7o\u011fu oval ve konik formda tasarlanm\u0131\u015f), sadece g\u00f6rsel birer antika e\u015fya de\u011feri ta\u015f\u0131mamakta; sirkenin biyokimyasal geli\u015fiminde ve asetik asit fermantasyonunda ba\u015frol\u00fc oynamaktad\u0131r. Fermantasyon, ya\u015fayan mikroorganizmalar\u0131n (asetik asit bakterileri – Acetobacter<\/em>) \u015f\u0131radaki alkol\u00fc asetik aside d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli ve dengeli bir \u015fekilde oksijene ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu biyolojik bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir.<\/p>

Me\u015fe a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fal g\u00f6zenekli yap\u0131s\u0131, sirkenin d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan yava\u015f, stabil ve dengeli bir \u015fekilde “mikro-oksijenasyon” ad\u0131 verilen nefes alma i\u015flemine maruz kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu sayede asetik asit bakterileri bo\u011fulmadan, ideal h\u0131zda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda me\u015fe a\u011fac\u0131ndan \u015f\u0131raya ge\u00e7en fenolik bile\u015fikler (vanilin, laktonlar, hidrolize edilebilir tanenler), \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn do\u011fal aromalar\u0131yla b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ferek son derece kompleks, keskinli\u011fi dengelenmi\u015f, yak\u0131c\u0131 asiditeden uzak, yumu\u015fak i\u00e7imli bir sirke profili olu\u015fturur. Ahmet Karakulluk’un dedelerinden devrald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 geleneksel titizlikle s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu y\u00f6ntem, end\u00fcstriyel sirkelerin fabrikalarda kimyasal m\u00fcdahalelerle birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn veya hafta i\u00e7inde h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7lerle \u00fcretildi\u011fi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda, tam 1 y\u0131l s\u00fcren, me\u015fakkatli, do\u011fal bir sab\u0131r ve ustal\u0131k i\u015fidir.<\/p>

Ahmet Ayy\u0131ld\u0131z<\/strong><\/p>

Yaz\u0131k\u00f6y’deki \u00fcz\u00fcm hasad\u0131 (ba\u011f bozumu) rit\u00fceli hem sirke hem de k\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131n\u0131n temel enerji, karbonhidrat ve \u015fifa kayna\u011f\u0131 olan pekmez yap\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in de kritik ve son derece tela\u015fl\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemdir. K\u00f6y sakinlerinden Ahmet Ayy\u0131ld\u0131z, bu s\u00fcrecin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, sosyolojik ve sa\u011fl\u0131k boyutunu ya\u015fatan geleneksel \u00fcreticilerden bir di\u011feridir.<\/p>

Ahmet Ayy\u0131ld\u0131z ve onun gibi geleneksel k\u00f6y sakinleri i\u00e7in ba\u011flar, salt tar\u0131m arazisi de\u011fil, “g\u00f6zleri gibi bakt\u0131klar\u0131” ve atalar\u0131ndan emanet ald\u0131klar\u0131 kutsal \u00fcretim alanlar\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri veya yaz aylar\u0131ndaki \u015fiddetli kurakl\u0131k nedeniyle suyun az oldu\u011fu, \u00fcz\u00fcm tanelerinin istenilen irili\u011fe ula\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131 en zorlu y\u0131llarda bile hasat, hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde aksat\u0131lmadan ayn\u0131 co\u015fkuyla ve \u015f\u00fckranla yap\u0131l\u0131r. \u00dcz\u00fcmlerin k\u00fcfelerle toplan\u0131p evlerin alt\u0131ndaki \u015f\u0131rahanelerde \u00f6zel ezme ta\u015flar\u0131nda \u00e7i\u011fnenmesiyle elde edilen ilk taze \u015f\u0131radan bir bardak i\u00e7mek, Yaz\u0131k\u00f6y’de kan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131na, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve \u015fifa verdi\u011fine kesin olarak inan\u0131lan as\u0131rl\u0131k bir rit\u00fceldir.<\/p>

Yaz\u0131k\u00f6y’de pekmez yap\u0131m\u0131, \u015f\u0131ran\u0131n i\u00e7ine y\u00f6reye has \u00f6zel pekmez topra\u011f\u0131 (y\u00fcksek kalsiyum karbonat i\u00e7erikli marnl\u0131 beyaz toprak) kat\u0131larak \u00fcz\u00fcmdeki malik ve tartarik asitli\u011finin al\u0131nmas\u0131, \u015f\u0131ran\u0131n durultulmas\u0131 (kestirme i\u015flemi) ve ard\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131k havada, odun ate\u015finde, devasa geni\u015f bak\u0131r tavalarda saatlerce a\u011f\u0131r a\u011f\u0131r kaynat\u0131larak suyunun u\u00e7urulmas\u0131 (konsantrasyon) a\u015famalar\u0131ndan olu\u015fur. Ahmet Ayy\u0131ld\u0131z gibi \u00fcreticilerin her sonbaharda tekrarlad\u0131klar\u0131 bu me\u015fakkatli mesai, k\u00f6ydeki dayan\u0131\u015fma (imece) k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7lendiren, yard\u0131mla\u015fmay\u0131 art\u0131ran ve kom\u015fuluk ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 her y\u0131l yeniden tazeleyen \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir sosyolojik i\u015fleve de sahiptir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Topra\u011fa, Eme\u011fe ve Mirasa Adanm\u0131\u015f Hayatlar \u00dcreticiHikayeleri Safranbolu’nun bereketli topraklar\u0131; Hititlerden Roma ve Bizans d\u00f6nemine, oradan da Osmanl\u0131’ya uzanan k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir tar\u0131m ve gastronomi k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne ev sahipli\u011fi yapmaktad\u0131r. Ancak bu e\u015fsiz miras\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fmas\u0131 bir tesad\u00fcf de\u011fildir; bu, do\u011fan\u0131n zorluklar\u0131na, sanayile\u015fmenin cazibesine ve unutulmaya kar\u015f\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na direnen, toprakla simbiyotik bir ba\u011f kurmu\u015f \u00fcreticilerimizin destans\u0131 […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1774","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cavusuzumu.eco-travel.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1774","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cavusuzumu.eco-travel.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cavusuzumu.eco-travel.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cavusuzumu.eco-travel.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cavusuzumu.eco-travel.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1774"}],"version-history":[{"count":35,"href":"https:\/\/cavusuzumu.eco-travel.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1774\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1812,"href":"https:\/\/cavusuzumu.eco-travel.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1774\/revisions\/1812"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cavusuzumu.eco-travel.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1774"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}